Zheng Fengtian Document No. 20, 2010, spectacle

 Zheng Fengtian: 2010, Document No. 20, this year's One Great Aspect
documents, to agriculture as the theme of the first document is the twelfth since the reform and opening up to the theme of agriculture ..
Document No. 27 document a total of five classes, five classes there are two issues involved in urban and rural areas. Five class: First, a sound policy of benefiting the agriculture system, to promote the allocation of resources to rural elements; Second, to improve the level of modern agricultural equipment, agricultural development patterns; Third, speed up the improvement of rural livelihood and reduce the development gap between urban and rural public utilities; IV coordinate the promotion of urban and rural reform, and enhance vitality of agriculture and rural development; Fourth, coordinate the promotion of urban and rural reform, and enhance vitality of agriculture and rural development; Fifth, strengthen the rural grassroots organizations to consolidate the ruling party's rural base.
27 main articles are: 1. to continue to increase the state input into agriculture and rural areas; 2. improve the regulation of agricultural subsidies and market mechanisms; 3. to improve the quality and level of rural financial services; 4. We will encourage resources to invest in agriculture and rural areas; 5. vigorously develop the rural market ; 6. and stable development of grain and other staple agricultural products; 7. promote the standardization of products basket production; 8. prominence water infrastructure; 9. and Building a high standard of farmland; 10. to improve agricultural technology innovation and promoting; 11. sound agricultural market system; 12. to build a strong ecological security barrier; 13. efforts to promote employment and entrepreneurship of farmers; 14. to improve rural education, health, cultural development; 15. to improve the level of social security in rural areas; 16. strengthening the rural water circuit gas room building; 17. continue to focus on poverty alleviation and development work; 18. stabilize and improve the rural basic management systems; 19. orderly reform of rural land management system; 20. strive to improve the degree of organization of agricultural production and management; 21. actively promote the forestry reform; 22. continue to deepen the comprehensive rural reform; 23. Promoting institutional innovation of urban development; 24. to improve the level of opening of agriculture; 25. to strengthen and improve the rural grass-roots party building; 26. to further improve the national conditions of the rural grass-roots governance mechanisms; 27. effectively maintaining social stability in rural areas.
first document of this year a lot of new points Aspect, special summed up the following twenty:
1. Huinong funds should continue to increase, to 8,000 billion?
document states: countries continue to increase input into agriculture and rural areas. in accordance with the volume continued to increase steadily increased the proportion of the requirements, increasing the efforts, the most important task is the agriculture. because only literally put to real benefits to farmers, and avoid the work carried out at .2010 shouting slogans in the central but also should further increase agricultural rural investment, the central government budget support for agriculture may reach 7,000 billion yuan, higher than last year's 600 billion budget level. from the amount of point of view, in recent years has been increasing investment in agriculture .2006 Central Government has invested 339.7 billion yuan, on this basis, an increase of 800 billion in 2007, 2008, the increase in amount and more than 100 billion yuan in 2009, invested 716.1 billion yuan, an increase of 120.6 billion yuan more than in 2008, up 20.2%, while which food subsidies, general subsidies for agricultural, seed subsidies, farm machinery purchase subsidy and other four reached 123.08 billion yuan, an increase of 19.4%. in accordance with the law over the past year by billions, the benefits of agricultural funds this year should reach 800 billion or more.
benefit farmers increase investment is good, the next step should focus on how to improve and benefit farmers the practical effects of the funds so that farmers really benefit, you need to select the current construction projects benefiting farmers, implementation, acceptance and other links a fundamental transformation. now there are many benefits of agricultural projects chaos, including just not dare asking for a handout, afraid of being investigated with the bad, and when the system has truly benefit farmers project perfect.
2. more varieties of agricultural products can also enjoy a meal allowance.
documented : insists on direct subsidies to grain farmers. increase seed subsidies, subsidies to expand the scope of the potato, barley seed subsidies start to implement the pilot of peanut seed subsidies. to further increase farm machinery purchase subsidy, and expand subsidies to type, the animal husbandry, forestry and drought, water-saving machinery and equipment included in the scope of subsidies. implement and improve the general subsidies for agricultural dynamic adjustment mechanism. in accordance with the stock does not move, the principle of incremental tilt, new agricultural subsidies due to the large grain, farmer cooperatives tilt. gradually improved for pastoral , forest, reclamation of agricultural subsidies characteristics. to prohibit funds for subsidies to offset the farmers will pay. be ready to take corn, soybean, rapeseed and other temporary purchasing and storage policies to support enterprises to participate in purchasing and storage, good cotton, sugar, pig control plans and other meat.
had only wheat, rice, corn and a few other crops can be subsidized rations, many people eat this meal, and no one wanted to point a pregnant pie. This does not, really increased this year many, including increased subsidies for peanut seed, potato subsidies, subsidies for barley seed. agricultural subsidies Although much criticized, but this year the number had increased, but also expanded the types, the animal husbandry, forestry and drought, water-saving machinery and equipment also included in the scope of subsidies. It seems the Secretary of Agricultural Mechanization had their day better, and farm machinery manufacturers should not close the mouth. just farmers, one a buy farm machinery, is not cost-effective? really have a good an account operator. Japanese farmers high level of mechanization, almost every household has a complete set of farm equipment, the final end can only be do not buy it, use someone else's agricultural always have to pay. buy it, in addition to the busy season of the year the equipment is idle most of the time. Currently only the provisions of agricultural subsidies in order to get subsidies to buy, there are many people in suddenly Yau, so that people who buy a large farm machinery must get huge subsidies. If so, limited subsidies can really poor farmers, why make them? what is why? finance money, according to the basic truth, should not make the poor rich supplement.
3. Town of reform is to set sail, as a priority. to promote transfer of qualified agricultural population in towns and local urban residents enjoy the same rights. encourage qualified cities will have a stable job and a certain number of years living in the city of migrant workers gradually incorporated into the urban housing security system. efforts to resolve generation of migrant workers issues. to develop economy, improve the overall carrying capacity of cities to absorb the rural population to small cities or towns to speed up. perfect speed up the development of small towns and taxation, investment and financing, and other supporting policies. continue to promote the expansion of the right of county reform, and promote rapid economic development, ability to absorb the population of the town of the administrative system, decentralization of management authority.
household registration system to relax restrictions on the reform of urbanization is the first document of this year, the biggest one of the highlights. as early as the end of National Economic Work Conference and the rural work conference, have sent a clear signal. but this year's first document in more detail. in the process of urbanization in China should pay attention to what the problem? first document the main pointed out that the three ideas, one of the general direction of development issues, one focus, one is actively and steadily, namely: the current must strengthen the development of small and medium cities and small towns as a priority. actively and steadily promote urbanization to enhance the level of urban planning and quality of development. The second is from the soft point of view, with emphasis on the household registration of rural migrant workers, social security and the problem of generation of migrant workers; The third is from a system point of view, required by taxation, employment, institutional and other reforms, focused on solving the small towns The problem of capacity and industry support.
to develop small cities and towns, the rural economy into a medium cities and small towns coordinated development, urbanization, positive interaction with the new situation of rural development efforts to achieve agricultural modernization and industrialization, urbanization and coordinated development. small towns to develop and speed up, but also to avoid the phenomenon of impetuosity, so the file stresses the development of urbanization should be taken to actively and steadily push forward.
the current income gap between urban and rural residents in China is about 3.3, the farmers in 2009 reaching an average of 5,000 yuan, while urban residents was 16,500 yuan, 11,500 yuan gap between the two. China's 1.3 billion people , if increased by one percentage point each year, that is, 13 million people into the city, will be able to pull of domestic demand of around 150 billion; if increased by two percentage points, to stimulate domestic demand 300 billion, not including new immigrants driven housing and other industries. Press a family of four migrant workers who, each increase of one percentage point of urbanization, will have 3.25 million families in need of a house, assuming that the minimum area by 90 square meters, at 2,000 yuan per square meter price (more expensive prices eastern region), Only there will be 585 billion housing consumption; if increased by two percentage points per year, there will be 1.17 trillion housing boost. consumption and the two add up to a surprising number of housing, will boost our economy a huge potential.
fact urbanization, there are many strategic issues such as: whether the developed areas willing to accept new immigrants into the core of the problem, inter-provincial migrant workers should be resolved in the household registration system is the most difficult nut to crack. small town how to solve the problem of land ownership ? it can allow small towns do not become the state-owned land? how to avoid the small and medium cities and small towns into the housing bubble in how not to get fired? the long term, the current implementation of this policy if it continues to go on, the land will further widen the range gap? so.
4. peasant housing can also be lending a?
document states: to encourage financial institutions to farmers in rural housing, buying cars and home appliances to provide consumer credit, increase credit to set up farm shops running.
allow farmers to enjoy the financial services, especially large pieces of building, building cars and household appliances, is a great people project. housing loans to farmers is a major policy breakthrough, how to describe It is important to not be overstated. This policy is just like Archimedean point, as you can not pry pry up repeatedly in the past the rural consumer market. as farmers invest 90% of life are used in housing construction, and for generations, the World generations of generations, farmers have to rely largely accumulated housing. If the farmers can to solve the housing problem through loans, can have the money to spend any others. urban residents have long enjoyed the benefits of mortgage loans, loan each year as part of so do not eat or drink out effort to building a nearly similar. farmers are subject to collective land ownership, housing can not be secured, so the building has not been supported by loans. But the country have carried out a number of pilot projects, breaking the policies and regulations. After all, in many places, this is a win-win, farmers solve the difficult problem of housing, financial institutions can also have a business has. but once legal issues, as property law, land management law are not the relevant provisions to address them in trouble.
5. new to speed up the pace of agricultural insurance.
document states: continue to focus on the new rural social pension insurance pilot projects, where conditions can accelerate the pace of the pilot.
New farmer's insurance policy since the start of last year, the end of our thousands of years farmers have been relying on the ancient tradition of family pension, the state has put up real money, so that farmers can enjoy the Pratt & Whitney type of pension services. According to a professor at MIT study Pratt & Whitney type to enjoy the rural elderly pension, health and learning of the grandchildren have great benefits. That is, the pension will not only benefit the rural elderly, will benefit the country's next generation, especially when there are 56 million of The left-behind children. This is even more important was the meaning. So I have been called on relevant departments to speed up the old care insurance coverage in rural areas the pace to let the rural elderly aged 60 years, in recent years, the first to enjoy the Cape Hui-style pensions. As for other young adults in rural areas, there is no need for bundled policy, when they figured out, want to join, let them join. So the new agricultural policy in the bundled insurance policy of the pilot is really not mandatory. < br> 6. building materials to rural areas, the passenger must go to the countryside.
document states: seize the current rapid growth of rural housing and construction materials supply ample opportunity to expand domestic demand to support farmers as a major housing initiative take effective measures to promote the building materials to the countryside, a place to encourage qualified support to farmers through various forms according to the law building occupied housing. to promote the integration of urban and rural passenger transport.
building materials to the countryside, but a great news, building materials to their minds delighted. mainly rural housing out too quickly, almost a decade to be eliminated, although the general urban housing in less than 70 years, 40-50 years, on how also is maintained. Japanese more cattle, and now there are many in the Song period of the Kyoto actually building houses, not to mention they are still more than an earthquake country? Europe and the United States house to live a long time singularity. The reason why China's rural housing update so fast, to unusual point, a huge waste, waste of resources. the reasons varied, such as short-sighted planning, building materials can not keep up and so on. materials to rural areas so that farmers spend a longer life, better construction materials, should be a good thing. but do not Engineering and home appliances like the mess of rules, so that farmers can make only bought the building materials, fill material suppliers, that is no good. Of course you can learn about Korea, the government only to take materials to the building by the farmers themselves, but also a good thing. If you really want to make the best complement farmers directly. benefit farmers withdraw funds should no longer be a black pepper. farmers to buy building materials, building materials on their own to bring great opportunities, why should we subsidize them?
Passenger countryside is the performance of urban and rural integration. In the past many places, passenger only to towns, the farmers travel difficult is a big problem. If the passenger true if the countryside, and solve the problems of farmers travel difficult, farmers do not have to move into town to live.
7. cooperatives have great news, you can do a rural credit union funds?
document states: support qualified rural mutual credit cooperatives to set up.
One year There are many documents on the cooperative's good news, there are a variety of preferential policies, many of the projects proposed to the co-tilt, such as new agricultural subsidies due to the large grain, farmer cooperatives tilt; continue to support the modern new rural supply and marketing cooperatives distribution network construction; to develop farmer cooperatives, in-depth demonstration to promote community-building initiatives, service ability, democratic management and good cooperative grant basis; all levels of government loan guarantees to support the company put into the service area farmer cooperatives, support conditions to set up rural mutual credit cooperatives; supporting farmer cooperatives run by agricultural products processing enterprises; support the development of farmers cooperatives; accelerate the implementation of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives to promote reform and development policies; to expand the grassroots organizations of rural coverage of the new organization to promote farmers cooperatives, professional associations, the relative concentration of migrant workers point established business practice of party organizations, and so on.
I think that all the provisions of cooperatives, the biggest progress, should be the policy of conditional support for the development of rural cooperatives Mutual funds. This is by far, the biggest breakthrough in the history of cooperatives is one. cooperatives through mutual funds, through the financing for future growth more quickly and laid a good foundation.
8. tamper with farmers home residents rely on centralized base to avoid the policy approach to the convergence of the red line.
document states: ordered to carry out rural land remediation, land use change in urban and rural construction should be strictly limited to pilot projects linked to the context, the annual turnover indicators into the unified management of land-use planning, rural After finishing the village house sites and land conservation are still collectively owned by peasants, to ensure that the total size of urban construction land is not exceeded, to ensure the quality of reclaimed land, to ensure the maintenance of the interests of farmers.
many parts of the past, by focusing on housing, housing sites for room, replacement of the farmers out of the homestead, and then use the land development industry, farmers did not get much benefit, local governments and developers to gain full, bring a lot of resentment. this first document specifically stated After the land is collectively owned by peasants are not intended to be used for developing light industry. but should further provide that if the truth if the development of industry, and it should allow the farmers to equity dividend can.
9. to give subsidies to agriculture-related loans , the Agricultural Bank of China also has major development in the county?
One document states: implement and improve agriculture-related loans to tax incentives, targeted cost subsidies, incentives and other policies incremental; further improve the new banking financial institutions in the county absorbs deposits are mainly used for local lending policies; the establishment of agricultural industry development fund; rural areas but also to subsidize the insurance.
in recent years has not been a breakthrough in rural finance, the reason is very simple, peasant population scattered and poor. dealing with scattered small farmers, those big banks that bear? staff greatly enough. most important thing is not to give concessions. This is a real money, and preferential loans for interest subsidies benefit farmers. the number of subsidies for dinner down, I do not know can not attract financial Big E have more loans to the farmers more money?, of course, to completely solve the difficult problem of financial services to farmers, there is a long way to go slow.
10. If public funds donated to the rural enterprises have a big discount a?
document states: enterprises through public welfare organizations, people's governments above the county level and their departments or set up a special rural welfare foundations, construction of rural welfare projects for the donation of spending no more than 12% of the total annual profit part of the grant before the enterprise income tax deduction in the calculation.
the past to donate money to rural enterprises, one word: difficult! not want to donate, but the policy is not in place. American business Why Else facilities good? China Hong Kong Chinese Why tycoons willing to donate? are well incentive system. So the first document of this year the system began to inspire, offer yo this is like real money, is not to set off a wave of donations to the countryside? really have to walk to see.
11. chaos of the convergence of the merger of rural primary schools, school buildings killed students will see a repeat of the tragedy?
document states: the layout of rural schools to be realistic to enable the students to school, to ensure safety of students. continue to implement the primary and secondary school buildings are safe. gradually improve the nutritional status of students in poor rural areas.
Rural Schools paused time. closing and merging schools is nominally about to enjoy a quality education in rural primary and secondary resources, but in reality is in the implementation of compulsory education free of tuition fees after the merger can be reduced through the school a large financial burden. This is actually a ruin rural education. because the students are young age, learning the way to go very far, to students, families too much inconvenience, and some students even slower week brought the first time, eat eventually broken, and also eat. because a lot of the phenomenon of a shortage of farmers, according to a professor at Stanford's long-term observation, the combined prevalence of primary school students malnutrition. they still should be in line to enable the students to ensure the safety of students based, not indiscriminately combined.
12. After the rural cadres do not work hard to replace, the other farmers when the civil service is no longer dreaming.
document states: strengthening the township and village party leadership management, timely adjustment of rural grassroots party organizations are weak and lax team . to promote the good in the examination of township village cadres civil servants, elected township of leading cadres.
years of rural research, I found that the development of a village with a great relationship between the village secretary, secretary of the strong, the development of the village up; secretary is weak, the village is generally difficult to develop. the one hand, a large number of rural villages like West Wu Renbao, TC Wu Wing of the village like a good secretary, indeed there are a number of other omissions, as the village secretary of chaos. This year's documents, for those who village cadres are weak and lax really time to replace.
another outstanding performance of the village cadres, civil servants can enter the town when, and this is the concrete implementation of the Ministry of Personnel's let the farmers into the civil service policy is great news.
13. rural religious chaos slowly extended to be careful.
document states: prevention and suppression of the use of religion, clan and other forces to interfere in public affairs in rural areas.
rural emerged in recent years, ;. In many rural areas of China, various religious activities are rapidly expanding and the number of hundreds of millions of faith, ECONOMIST (2008) cited the PEW SURVEY 1.3 billion estimated for the various Christian. religious development services and public goods are closely linked. even extreme point of something, some local churches who need to open village meeting come forward to mobilize people to attend the meeting. This trend has caused the ruling party high alert. any country, a sudden rise of a class of large faith groups, it should cause great concern. This year's first document the Church will not want to interfere rural public affairs, is a clear signal.
14. Rural also hitting the.
document states: in-depth activities to build peace in rural areas, persist for prevention and treatment, relying on the masses, strengthen and improve the comprehensive management of social security in rural areas, further promote the construction of rural police to crack down on all kinds of evil forces and criminal activities.
Chongqing hitting, led the country a burst of applause, though a bit recently due to new changes in the prosecution of Li. evil forces manipulating elections in rural areas, all kinds of evil has long been common. just exactly how to play is a difficult problem, especially in many areas of police collusion in the dark on how the investigation, has been difficult. Chongqing hitting, more taboo in the past to some extent the public, prosecutors, corruption within law carried out a thorough removal of molecules, the only way to really hitting. some rural areas, rampant evil forces with the local public security or chaos as the police do not have a great relationship.
15. may be restored?
document states: the adoption of the deliberations, financial subsidies and other measures to encourage farmers to voluntarily put labor to carry out direct benefit of small water conservancy facilities. deepening project management system.
farmland water conservancy facilities in China last mile problem, has not been effectively addressed. In the past the fields of farmers more effective When a slack by the village farmers to put labor for maintenance, rainy season can make pond water ditch, channel drainage, drought, water can be pumped out of. Such a construction of farmland water conservancy to maintain the village system has stable operation for many years, meritorious, the lack of state and government investment in irrigation and water conservancy construction and maintenance and improvement of facilities has played a significant role. but when the abolition of agricultural tax in 2002 to be canceled. rural areas in the abolition of the reducing the burden on farmers, but also a double-edged sword, so that the original is very weak investment in rural infrastructure obvious deficiencies, from this view and facilities did not become the mother's neglect of children, the state just large rivers. peasants had no way to sneak in some places insist either of two workers, or a little money or a little way to go to the money from the top, you can dot well watered.
put the file of a proposed adoption, to encourage farmers to voluntarily promote the development of direct benefit to put labor into the construction of small water conservancy facilities, good idea. is subject to deliberations, in what has become of many rural areas do not proposed, what proposals are also not a phenomenon worth pondering.
16. implementation of the new growth of the rural labor free work preparation training, employment and entrepreneurship of farmers has been a concern?
document states: to promote employment and entrepreneurship of farmers. establish urban and rural public employment service system, actively carry out agricultural production technology skills training for workers and farmers, integration of training resources, standardize training and enhance scientific farming farmers and employment entrepreneurship. the progressive implementation of the new growth of the rural labor free work preparation training. implementation of the mainly public schools, to enter the land-based migrant workers to solve problems their children to school policy, a concern for rural children left behind.
Document No. 27, listed in a special issue of farmers employed in the undertaking, we can see the importance of the issue . Over the past employment and entrepreneurship of the farmers is their own business, this time listed as the government agenda, and that central government has expressed, not lightly to solve the employment of migrant workers who in many labor-intensive industries to the demonized, not lightly to High-tech industrial development as an excuse to put the livelihood of farmers smashed. The farmers also receive job training accordingly? gradual implementation of the new growth of the rural labor force preparation training free of charge.
Another school children of migrant workers is a big problem, which directly related to the motherland, the growth of flowers. Although these children are the children of migrant workers, but children grow up well, will be directly related to the country's future development. migrant workers now build a small school, the number of possible future to build more prisons. some places to consider for selfishness, has been the school children of migrant workers as a big burden to take all kinds of covert means to hinder the smooth progress of migrant children to school, but in reality is evil. Reaffirming also the first document to enter the land to mainly to solve the problem of migrant workers children to school. of refusing to execute or false execution of the president or the Secretary of Education is not the removal? I hope there should be such a provision, but also to the provisions of the this time. even the Prime Minister has said many times on this issue, and there is still a big problem not been resolved, these people did no justice the too.
17. State Farm had no dry eyes open!
document states: start the reform of state-owned forest farm support infrastructure of state-owned forest farms. to carry out state-owned forest management system and unified management of forest resources reform.
done over the past saw the reform of collective forest Huan, national forest anxious dead, this would not, and documented to start state Forest reform. but the state-owned forest farms diehard, if you really want change, now have a Heilongjiang Hunchun experience. can not be pushed in the country, there are too many problems need to figure out.
18. village started to resolve the debt?
document states: according to the relevant planning and requirements continue to support the central and provincial finance the clean-up of rural compulsory education to resolve the debt, and promote rural and debt of other public interest to resolve the pilot, to prevent the occurrence of new rural debt.
village Debt used to be a fried egg timer has been to touch. This seems to move a bit, the document states: the central and provincial financial support for rural compulsory education in the clean-up to resolve the debt, and promote rural and debt of other public interest to resolve the pilot. It seems a little drama to resolve the debt the public good, but the question is this intelligent township cadres should anything inside when a basket is not installed on the end?
19. to establish and improve import and export of agricultural products and agricultural materials monitoring and early warning mechanisms. < br> document states: strengthening the regulation of import and export of agricultural products, the implementation of flexible and efficient import and export policies for agricultural products, agricultural products and establish a sound early warning mechanism to monitor the import and export of agricultural goods, crack down on illegal and criminal acts of smuggling of agricultural products, import and export of agricultural products strengthen quality supervision.
Japan and South Korea that the U.S. beef imports, usually set off in their great political struggle, including demonstrations, to some extent do to the U.S. government to see, see, I am not allowed, but do not let the domestic public opinion . China's Ma Ying-jeou in Taiwan in recent years as open to imports of U.S. beef disorder, is also facing intense political pressure, including a variety of demonstrations demonstration sit-in. go back and look at China's door, as if no one guarded , China's imports of agricultural products is really a lot of chaos, such as random a huge amount of soybean imports to China may be to entrap soy, beans processing companies are largely outside the change of surname, the whole industry was largely imported to the chaos down to the ground. Another example is imports of fruits and chaos, the country's farmers but also to entrap, do not be guarded, these industries may also be given down to the ground. There are many other industries, there is such a problem. True to the must national industrial security perspective, to focus on monitoring and early warning of such a phenomenon. recline too many agricultural industries, the pricing power of domestic agricultural products to be delivered out, then not only passive, more price volatility will be huge social instability.
20. home appliances works out to be taken in women with bound feet step.
document states: increased household appliances, automobiles, motorcycles and other efforts to implement the countryside, a substantial increase the maximum home appliances limit, within the limit of the existing products continue to implement the 13% subsidy standards, beyond the limit of a fixed subsidy, allows the provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) based on a variety of local real co-opted into the scope of subsidies, subsidies to state-owned agriculture and forestry to expand the object Field (District) staff.
home appliances, I have only two recommendations made to farmers to purchase household appliances coupons, change the tender for the GSP. be sure to change the current make up the rich should not make the strange phenomenon of the poor, so that the rural poor farmers, not just rich people in rural areas, but also enjoy the home appliances. It seems there is too much work to do.
(comment by Zheng Fengtian Professor of Renmin University of China)